Ma On Shan, Dongying grouting material - air entraining the stability of the grout 
 Ensure enough fresh grouting compound containing gas is not enough; pores must also be stable, so that grouting material hardening pores will stay in place. In fact, the important thing is not the total gas content, but the smaller the spacing between the bubbles. 
 There are three possible instability mechanism. The first mechanism is the grout, the Ma On Shan grouting material transport and the vibration compacting process, the buoyancy effect large bubbles move up (will move to the template boundary), disappeared. This has little effect against freezing and thawing, and even help to reduce the strength loss caused by the introduction of pores. 
 The second mechanism is a pressure (caused by surface tension) under the action of bubbles burst. Disappeared, the air dissolved in the pore water, surface tension of the smallest bubbles. The loss of these bubbles might adversely affect the freeze-thaw resistance of grouting material. This minimum bubble loss mechanism is useful may be the inevitable existence of this phenomenon also explains why the less than 10um bubbles will usually disappear. 
 The third mechanism of polymerization between small bubbles and large bubbles, as well as the relationship between air solubility and bubble size; the physical effect of the mechanism is quite complex. Large bubble formation and corresponding increased bubble spacing grouting material will adversely affect the freeze-thaw resistance. In addition, because large bubble surface tension is less than the initial small bubbles, so the total aggregate of bubbles. This also explains why sometimes hardened grouting material and grouting material in Ma On Shan, Dongying grouting compound mixed with the amount of bubbles is higher than the fresh grout material. The increase in air content will reduce the strength of grouting material. 
 Cement bubble stability seems to stability with the increase of cement alkali content of continuous improvement. Close to 10% silica fume content in the composite cement, does not affect the gas - the stability of the hole system. 
 In fact, the grouting material transport and the vibrating process air loss; loss is generally less than one percentage point, but the work of a higher degree of grouting material loss is slightly larger. In most cases, to exclude air are generally large bubbles, and thus little effect of the freeze-thaw resistance of the grouting material. Usually pumping conditions, the air loss of 1% to 1.5%. Pumping the grouting material used along the vertical direction boom, such grouting materials, grouting material in Ma On Shan, Dongying grouting material can under gravity along the pipeline, China, bubble expansion, but the grouting material from the pipeline bubbles can not be re-forming, the air loss is much larger. Stop-gap measure is to set up a hose in the horizontal direction, so that we can before grouting material from the pipeline resistance. 
 Due to possible air loss, so should be poured after grouting materials, grouting material in Ma On Shan, Dongying grouting material to determine the gas content, instead of thinking only of the gas content of the blender export; However, the gas content in the determination of the mixer can be used as an ingredient means of control, this aspect in terms of meaningful. 
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